Graciosa Caldera

The Caldera of Graciosa is the geological and landscape heart of Graciosa, a volcanic caldera with about one kilometre in diameter carved into the centre of the island, at an altitude of approximately 400 metres. Classified as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, Graciosa is known as the "white island" of the archipelago, and the caldera is the apex of the softness of its landscape: interior walls covered with ferns, hydrangeas and native vegetation that contrast with the imposingness of the volcanic structure that created them.

From the caldera rim, natural viewpoints along the circular route offer views over the interior of the structure, where the entrance of Furna do Enxofre stands out, the volcanic cave with underground lake found at the bottom of the caldera. On clear days, views extend over the surrounding ocean and neighbouring islands, notably Faial and Pico. The endemic flora of the interior is of particular interest to Azorean botany enthusiasts, with protected species including rare mosses and large ferns.

Access to the caldera is by car via the road that climbs from Santa Cruz, with parking next to the start of the routes. Admission is free. The best time to visit is early morning, before clouds frequently concentrate at the summit. Bring waterproof jacket and appropriate shoes, as the path can be damp regardless of the season. To complete the experience, do the Trail Around the Caldera, a circular route that travels the entire rim of this remarkable geological structure.